PHOSPHATE
CYCLE -
Needs phosphate,
hydroxide alkalinity, sulfite, organic sludge conditioner. Good for boilers
up to 200 psi having softened water or low hardness makeup or boilers
operating at very high cycles. If phosphate is being added through feedlines,
then change to polyphosphates to avoid calcium phosphate precipitation
at low alkalinity (reverts to orthophosphate with heat). Maintain 10-40
ppm phosphate (sample should be filtered to avoid interference from phosphate
sediments). Check hardness too. OH Alkalinity 200-400 ppm. Less than 10
ppm phosphate gives calcium scale (hydrochloric or sulfuric acid on scale
will cause foam indicating insufficient phosphate). A variety of products
other than those listed below are also available.
PHOSPHATE COMPONENTS
6331
PHOSPHATE - 9.91 lbs/gl Polyphosphate (20 ppm at 10,000:1)
PO4 - Polyphosphate reverts to orthophosphate with heat.
DISPERSANT COMPONENTS
-
5046
DISPERSANT 10 (6,000:1) 9.03 lbs/gl Polyacrylate 50% Solution 5048 DISPERSANT 5048 (6,000:1) 9.54
lbs/gl Polyacrylate Sulfonated Styrene Copolymer EDTA Na4
6068 DISPERSANT 8.58 lbs/gl (5,000:1
= 15 ppm/15,000:1 = 5 ppm) Sulfonated Styrene Co-polymer solution. Excellent
polymer, especially where iron problems exist. Not measurable.
ALKALINITY
COMPONENTS -
5070
LIQUID CAUSTIC SODA 45% 12.31 lbs/gl 100 ppm OH Alkalinity
(2,800:1)
OXYGEN
SCAVENGING COMPONENTS -
SCAVENGER (3,145:1 yields) 9.90 lbs/gl
Sulfite 30 ppm
5012 SCAVENGER 2 (2,580:1 yields)
9.50 lbs/gl USDA Listed Sulfite 30 ppm OH Alkalinity 100 ppm 5.)
RETURN
LINE TREATMENT COMPONENTS -
Return line treatments
should be used to keep the condensate pH above 8.0. Morpholine is fine
for short return lines, DEAE and Cyclohexylamine recommended for longer
lines. Mixed formulations cover full range. Amines are use to neutralize
the effects of boiler carbonate degradation to carbon dioxide which vaporizes
to form carbonic acid in the condensate and then grooving in the pipes.
Filming Amide Formulations ignore the pH of the condensate by coating
the surfaces with an impenetrable barrier. However, when used in systems
that have not been maintained well in the past, the amines will clean
the iron corrosion from the system. The return steam should be wasted
until system is believed clean to prevent heavy sludge in boilers, the
steam traps should be cleaned frequently to prevent plugging. Note: Leaks
may occur in steam return lines when treatment is initiated after a long
period of non treatment. Industry generally maintains that these leaks
would have occurred shortly any way.
5013
STEAM >14% Morpholine USDA Listed 8.33 lbs/gl
5017 STEAM >36% Diethylaminoethanolamine
7.86 lbs/gl
5021 STEAM 100% Morpholine 8.35 lbs/gl
5023 STEAM 10% Morpholine, 10% DEAE
8.08 lbs/gl
5024
STEAM > 25% Morpholine, > 10% DEAE 8.16 lbs/gl Page 2 B.
PACKAGE
FORMULATIONS (Phosphate Treatment)
5050
BOILER TREATMENT, (500:1 yields) 10.10 lbs/gl Sulfite 125 ppm
OH Alkalinity 60 ppm PO4 25 ppm Sodium Acrylate/ Acrylamide 65 ppm Sulfonated
Styrene Co-Polymer 30 ppm Morpholine
5051 BOILER TREATMENT 5051 - same
as above with no return line treatment
5004 BOILER WATER TREATMENT (500:1)
9.20 lbs/gl Sulfite 55 ppm OH Alkalinity 45 ppm Phosphate 8 ppm Morpholine
Phosphonate and Sodium Acrylate Silicate Ester yield a phosphate residual
level of 2-6 ppm PO4 (not 15-25 ppm PO4 of typical phosphate levels.)
5045 BOILER WATER TREATMENT #45 -
8.45 lbs/gl half the strength of 5004 for small boilers and bid situations.
5003 BOILER WATER TREATMENT (500:1)
9.15 lbs/gl Sulfite 66 ppm OH Alkalinity 15 ppm Morpholine Phosphate 8
ppm Phosphonate and Sodium Acrylate Silicate Ester test as phosphate residual
level of 2-6 ppm PO4 (not 15-25 ppm PO4) Page 3 C.
PHOSPHONATE
/ POLYACRYLATE CYCLE
1,000 to 5,000 molecular weight polyacrylates are ideal. If scale analysis
shows hydroxyapetite (calcium phosphate) to be present, polyacrylate probably
not working. Need 8-15 ppm recommended. May need to switch to polyacrylate
and sulfonated styrene copolymer. PAA work best on crystal modification
and sludge. SSCP works best on dispersing and iron transport 8-15 ppm
combined active. Phosphonate portion of the product should have 5-10 ppm
active. Above that, descales. Phosphonates decompose in boilers and are
not recommended for boilers operating at high cycles of concentration.
Small amounts are very effective at suspending calcium. Add treatments
as far back as possible in supply (deaerator storage, condensate tank).
5027
CAST IRON BWT (1,000:1) 9.95 lbs/gl Sulfite 75 ppm OH Alkalinity
(intentionally lower for cast iron) 22 ppm Phosphonate 12 ppm Polyacrylate
18 ppm D.
CARBONATE
CYCLE TREATMENTS
For high hardness
waters and boilers operating at less than 200 psi. Above 200 psi, carbonates
vaporize forming carboxylic acid in return lines and do not allow for
calcium carbonate formation, precipitation, and purging from system at
blowdown. Blowdown essential and should be frequent and slow (minimizes
turbulence inside boiler). Maintain >100 ppm carbonate alkalinity at all
times 2x(M-P) for calcium carbonate formation. Acrylate and sulfonated
styrene copolymer blend is recommended dispersant - crystal modifier (8-15
ppm active). Need Soda Ash if Calcium Hardness > alkalinity. Sodium Acrylate
Silicate Ester excellent in hard water and iron control. Makes heavy precipitate
for blowdown. Must maintain adequate carbonate and hydroxide alkalinity.
Multiple 10 second blowdowns preferable to one long blowdown. Wait two
minutes, blow down again.
5043
DISPERSANT/INHIBITOR 9.01 lbs/gl (10,000:1 will produced recommended
8-15 ppm polymer) Polyacrylate Sodium Acrylate Silicate Ester (or with
SSCP) Polyacrylate/Sodium Acrylate Silicate Ester not normally mixed.
Has benefit of being a dual polymer. Makes a microfloc which does not
settle so use only in a softened make-up water program.
5053
BOILER TREATMENT Sodium Hydroxide Soda Ash Phosphonate Polyacrylate Morpholine Sulfite
Excellent complete boiler water treatment for either hard or soft makeup
water, ideal for situations when water softeners work intermittently.
Not recommended for boiler pressures above 200 psi.
